كيفية التعامل مع كل سؤال بالتتابع حسب ترتيب الاسئلة فى ورقة الامتحان
و نبدا بالسوال الاول
First: The dialogue

1- كيف
نكون سؤال / كيف نجيب علي السؤال
2- حفظ المحادثات
الخاصة بمواقف محددة ( السفر – الطبيب – مقابلة سائح – في المطعم – طلب وظيفة وهكذا ) 3- حفظ الوظائف اللغوية بقدر المستطاع
كيف نكون سؤال
القاعدة
العامة : لكي تكون سؤال بطريقة صحيحة اسأل نفسك :
1-ما
هي أداة الاستفهام المناسبة ؟
2-
ماهو الفعل المساعد أو الناقص الصحيح لزمن الجملة لوضعه بعد أداة الاستفهام ؟
3- لابد
من تحويل الضمائر بطريقة صحيحة 0
I will travel abroad next
Friday.
1- فأداة
الاستفهام المناسبة هنا هي ( when) اذا اردنا السؤال عن وقت السفر
2- ضع الفعل الناقص (( will بعد أداة
الاستفهام
3- حول الضمير (I ) الي you
4- اكتب ما تبقي من الجملة ما عدا الكلمة التي سوف
تسال عنها وهي ( (next Friday
………………………………………………………..…...………………………………?
1- اذا
كانت الإجابة تبدأ بـ (yes,
of course, sure, certainly. well, definitely , No )
هنا نستخدم الفعل المساعد أو الناقص الموجود في الجملة
لتكوين السؤال ولا نستخدم
اداة استفهام لأنه يريد سؤال بهل
فمثلا
Of course, you can take a taxi.
كيف
تجيب
1- ابدأ بالفعل الناقص الموجود بالجملة لان الجملة تبدأ
بـ (
of course )
2- حول الضمير ( you ) إلي (
I ) 3-
أكمل بقية الجملة كما هي
………………………………………..……….………………………………………….?
اذا لم يكن في الجملة فعل مساعد او ناقص فإننا نستخدم ( Verb to do )
1- اذا
كان فعل الجملة ماضي نستخدم (did ) وعليك ان تعيد الفعل للمصدر
2- اذا كان فعل
الجملة مضارع به) s ( نستخدم does وعليك ان تحذف الـ s
3- اذا
كان فعل الجملة مصدرا نستخدم ( do ) واترك الفعل
كما هو في المصدر
…………………………..……………….? I met my friend in
the club yesterday. …………………………..………………? He lives in Cairo alone.

1-
احذف أداة الاستفهام
2- ضع الفاعل (الاسم
/ الضمير) في بداية الجملة
3-
اكتب بقية الجملة مع تحويل الضمائر ان وجدت
4- عوض عن أداة الاستفهام برد مناسب
When will the bus
leave?
…………………………………………………………………………………..………….
Why is she angry?
……………………………………………………………………………………………...
اذا كان الفعل المساعد ) ( verb to do
يحذف مع أداة الاستفهام ويتم
التعويض عنه بالتصريف
1- تحذف ( ( did ويحول فعل الجملة
للماضي البسيط
2- تحذف ( ( does ويضاف ( s ) لفعل الجملة
3- تحذف ( do) ويبقي فعل الجملة في المصدر

When
does she revise her lessons? ………………………………………….……………….
إذا كان السؤال يبدأ بفعل مساعد أو ناقص يفضل ان تجيب بتعبيرات الموافقة او
الرفض مثل )
(yes, of
course, certainly, definitely, I’ m sure, well, No)
أو استخدام
الاجابة المختصرة
Would
you like some tea?
1- أبدا الإجابة بتعبير دال علي
الموافقة أو بكلمة Yes, / No,
2- ضع
الفاعل بعد التعبير الدال علي الموافقة
3- ضع الفعل المساعد
والناقص بعد الفاعل فقط
Are you
tired? …………………………….…………?
إذا كانت الإجابة تبدأ بـ ( no ) فعليك نفي فعل الجملة
Were you at school
yesterday? No , I wasn’t.
أو تغيير الجزء الذي يأتي بعد الفعل مع تكملة الجملة
No , I was at home
yesterday.
واليكم تحويلات الضمائر
السؤال
|
ever
|
Any
|
Were you
|
Are you
|
your
|
you
|
الإجابة
|
Never/ ----
|
عدد Some /
|
I was
|
I’m
|
my
|
I
|
……………………………………………………..?
I have my breakfast with my family
أدوات الاستفهام
(who?)
أداة الاستفهام
|
للسؤال عن
|
who
|
الفاعل(
نحزفها ونضع بدلا منها الاسم ونكمل الجملة)
المفعول
( نتبع الطريقة العادية في السؤال )
|
…………………………………………………………?
The boy broke the chair.
…………………………………………………………?
I
go to school with my friend Ali.
(Where?)
أداة الاستفهام
|
إذا كانت الجملة تحتوي علي
|
( (where
|
أماكن / حروف الجر الدالة علي الأماكن
Hospital - Under- between-Here/ there- among-
opposite On/ in
at/ to/ Next to- above- etc
|
…………………………………………….………?
She is over there.
(When?)
أداة الاستفهام
|
إذا كانت الجملة تحتوي علي
|
مثال
|
-
نستخدم ( (when
|
الوقت
|
At dawn – at midday – at midnight-
|
-حروف الجر الدالة علي الزمن.
|
At +hour – on + day -in + month
|
|
أدوات الربط الدالة علي الزمن
|
While-/no sooner .. /- after- before- as soon as-/
Hardly …. during
Scarcely …. immediately on
|
…………………………………...…………………...……..……………….……………?
No sooner had he went out than he made an accident.
……………………………………………..……………….…………….……………….?
I met her during the break.
- لاحظ
أننا نسأل عن الحدث الثاني وليس الأول ( الماضي البسيط ) في الجملة الأولي.
(Whose
+ noun? )
أداة الاستفهام
|
إذا كانت الجملة تحتوي علي
|
|
نستخدم (whose+ noun )
|
His bag
|
+ (noun) (_صفات الملكية)
|
Ali ’s car
|
’s+
اسم
|
…………………………………………..……….?
It's Heba’s bike .
(Why?)
أداة الاستفهام
|
إذا كانت الجملة
|
مثال
|
نستخدم(
why)
|
* تذكر
السبب :
|
Because- as- since
|
*بها
أدوات الربط الدالة علي السبب
|
Because of- owing to- on account of
as a result of- Being + adj- due to
|
|
*أدوات
الربط الدالة علي الغرض :
|
To- in order to- so as to –
for + v +
ing – in order that – so that
|
………………………………………………………….?
I visited her as she was ill.
………………………………..……………..? She studies hard so that
she could join the university.
……………………..…………….………………? Being
tired he went to the hospital.
( What ?)
أداة الاستفهام
|
للسؤال عن
|
مثال
|
- نستخدم what
|
غير العاقل
|
the cow - the table - the tree
|
فعل
|
What
+ ..(be ). .+( v+ing ) / doing?
What
+.. ( do).. + ( inf ) /
do ?)
What +….( have ) + (pp) / done?)
|
………………………………………………………………...?
He is watching TV.
(
Which+ noun ? )
أداة الاستفهام
|
إذا كانت الجملة تحتوي علي
|
-
نستخدم (which+ noun )
|
I’d like + noun .
I prefer + noun
أو في حالة وجود تفضيل شئ علي شئ
|
………………………………………………. …….? I’d like lemon juice.
(How ?)
أداة الاستفهام
|
إذا كانت الجملة تحتوي علي
|
مثال
|
-
نستخدم How
|
*-الطريقة
أو الوسيله + by
|
By +bus – in a …way / by + v + ing
|
*- ظر
ف الاسلوب
|
Fast- quickly –well – calmly… etc
|
……………………………………………………………….?
They did their home work
calmly
……………………………………………………………….?
He won by scoring the most points.
(How
long?)
أداة الاستفهام
|
إذا كانت الجملة تحتوي علي
|
مثال
|
-نستخدم( ( How long
|
مدة + عدد
|
two hours –
months – weeks
|
مدة + for
|
for two days- for two years
|
|
زمن+ since
|
since last Monday
|
……………………………………………..?
I’ve learned English since I was a child.
(How
often?)
أداة الاستفهام
|
إذا كانت الجملة تحتوي
|
مثال
|
-
نستخدم How often
|
تكرار
الحدث
|
-Once – twice - three
times
|
usually- often- sometimes- always- occasionally-
scarcely-ever. never- rarely
|
……………………………………………………………….…………………………..?
He goes to cinema twice a month?
( How
many? )
أداة الاستفهام
|
إذا كانت الجملة تحتوي
|
مثال
|
-
نستخدم
( + noun How many )
|
(اسم
معدود +عدد )
|
-six girls- seven
books- two boys
|
(تعبيرات
العدد )
|
A lot of- many- a few- a great
deal of- The majority of- number of-
some of
|
…………………………….………………………………………………………………?
There are a lot of students in the class.
(How much? )
أداة الاستفهام
|
إذا كانت الجملة تحتوي علي
|
مثال
|
–
تستخدم ( (How
much+ noun
|
Kilos/Liters) + عدد
|
two litres
- six kilos
- much– a little
|
- تستخدم ( (How
much + .v .
|
( اسم شئ
+ عدد عملة )
|
six dollars
a shirt
fifty
ponds a dress
|
……………………………………………………………………..?
She has got a lot of oil.
…………………………………………………..……………..…..?
The dress is at seventy pounds.
………………………………………………………….…………..?
اسئلة اخري
مثال
|
اداة الاستفهام
|
الغرض
|
How high is this building?
|
What height
= how high
|
للسؤال
عن الارتفاع
|
How tall is Nadia?
|
what height
= how tall
|
للسؤال
عن الطول الإنسان
|
How wide is this street?
|
What width
= how wide
|
للسؤال
عن العرض
|
How heavy is this bag?
|
What weight
= how heavy
|
للسؤال
عن الوزن
|
How far is Assuit?
|
What distance
= how far
|
للسؤال
عن المسافة
|
How big is your house?
|
What size
= how big
|
للسؤال
عن الحجم
|
How deep is the Nile?
|
What depth
= how deep
|
للسؤال عن العمق
|
How old is Tamer?
|
What age
= how old
|
للسؤال
عن العمر
|
This box weighs fifty
kilos. (How) (What)
…………………………………………………………………………………………
The canal is twenty metres
wide. (How) (What)
…………………………………………………………………………………………..
Answer
the following dialogues
1) - Finish the following dialogue: (4 Marks)
Mohamed : What's your
memory like?
Hassan : ----- (1)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------.
Mohamed : Are you good at remembering numbers?
Hassan : --- (2) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------.
Mohamed : Can you remember people's names easily?
Hassan : -- (3)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------.
Mohamed : Are you good
at maths?
Hassan : -- (4)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------.
2.
Finish the following dialogue:
Ola : Oh no, we haven't got any bread.
Ashraf: ----- ( 1) -----------------------------
Ola : Thanks. Could you also buy some potatoes?
Ashraf : -- (2)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------.
Ola: Oh yes, I didn't see those. Have you got
enough money for the bread?
Ashraf: -- (3)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------.
Ola: Which shop are you going to go to?
Ashraf: ---- (4)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------.
3.
Finish the following dialogue:
Jane:
I feel really tired. What do you suggest?
Sarah: --- (1)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------.
Jane:
If I do that, I wake up too early,
Sarah: -- (2)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------.
Jane:
I've tried that and I can't. Once I'm awake, I can't sleep again.
Sarah: -- (3)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------.
Jane:
But I always do my homework when I get back from school.
Sarah: -- (4)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------.
Jane:
OK, I'll try your suggestion.
4.
Finish the following dialogue:
Anwar and Ibrahim meet for the first time on a train. They
introduce themselves to each other.
Ibrahim: Hi, I’m Ibrahim.
I’m from Cairo—(1)----------
-------------------------------?
Anwar : Anwar, and I’m from Alexandria.
Ibrahim: --- (2)
-------------------------------------------------------------?
Anwar : I’m nearly nineteen.
Ibrahim: -- (3 )
-------------------------------------------------------------
?
Anwar: I’m a student at the
university.
Ibrahim: -- ( 4)
----------------------------------------------------------
?
Anwar: I’d like to be a
teacher.
5.
Finish the following dialogue:
Amir is telling his teacher
about one of his close friends.
Teacher: Hello, Amir. Do you
have any close friends?
Amir : -- (1)
-----------------------------------------------.
Teacher: How long have you
known him?
Amir : --- (2)
----------------------------------------------.
Teacher: I see. What do you
do together?
Amir : -- (3)
--------------------------------------------.
Teacher : -- (4)
-------------------------------------------------------
?
Amir: No, I’m good at Math.
He’s good at science.
6.
Finish the following dialogue:
Arwa : You look happy, Omnya,………(1)…………?
Omnya: Of course, I do. I have just won a prize.
Arwa : ……………………… (2)…………………?
Omnya: It was for a competition in table tennis.
Arwa : How long ago did you practise for this
competition?
Omnya: ………………. (3)………………….
Arwa : Congratulations!
Omnya:……………. (4)…………………
7.
Finish the following dialogue:
Hani and tamer are talking about public transport.
Hani: I have a long bus ride every morning to my
work.
Tame: (1) ……………………… ………………………………?
Hani: I don't have the money for a car and I don't
want to drive.
Tamer: Neither do I, and I think we have a duty to
use public transport.
Hani: (2)… ………………. If everyone used public transport,
there would be less pollution.
Tamer: Yes, and if everyone used public
transport,(3)…………………
Hani: Are there any disadvantages to public
transport?
Tamer: Yes (4) …………………………………………?
8.
Finish the following dialogue:
between
Ali and Ibrahim about a famous Egyptian football player:
Ali : I hear that Hossam Hassan is the
best Egyptian football player.
Ibrahim :
...............(1).................?
Ali : Because he has
played in many international matches and scored more goals than any other
player.
Ibrahim :
.................(2)................?
Ali : He was born in Cairo in August 1966.
Ibrahim
:.................(3)....................... ?
Ali : It was the National Club.
Ibrahim
:.................(4)......................?
Ali : His twin brother
also played over 100 matches for the Egyptian national team.
9.
Finish the following dialogue:
Salma and Fatma are
talking about Naguib Mahfouz.
Salma : What are you reading?
Fatma : It's a very nice novel.
Salma : Really? ..........(1)...........?
Fatma : Naguib Mahfouz.
Salma : ..............(2)............?
Fatma : Yes, he wrote many other novels.
Salma : It sounds he's a great writer.
Fatma : Of course.
..............(3)............... .
Salma : Nobel Prize!
..............(4).....................?
Fatma : OK. When I have finished it, I'll lend it
to you.
10.
Finish the following dialogue:
Ramy and Samir are asked
to prepare a project on Charles Dickens:
Ramy : You know we've got to prepare a project
on Charles Dickens.
Samir : .........................
(1)...................... ?
Ramy : We can go to the school library. The
librarian ... (2)...
Samir : My father has bought
a CD- Rom which has so much information about Dickens.
Ramy : ........................
(3)...................... ?
Samir : He is best-known for his novels about
life in 19thcentury Britain.
Ramy : .....................(4)...........................?
Samir : He wrote "Oliver Twist" in
1838.
11. Finish the
following dialogue:
between a teacher and a
student who has a problem with studying new words:
Student : Can you give me
some advice about studying the new words?
Teacher : …………………(1)………………………..
Student :
..................... (2)..................... ?
Teacher :You shouldn't
learn more than 10 words or phrases at the same time.
Student : Does it help to
learn words in phrases or sentences?
Teacher :
......................... (3) .......................... .
Student :
......................... (4) ...................... ?
Teacher : A dictionary
gives the meaning of a word, its part of speech and how to use it in a
sentence.
Student : Thank you for
your good advice.
12.
Finish the following dialogue:
between Ali and Sherif at a supper market:-
Sherif : Hello Ali ………………( 1 )……………………………..?
Ali : Hello Sherif , I want to buy meat rice and
some other things but ……( 2) …?
Sherif : Don’t worry I will lend you some. ……….( 3
)……?
Ali : Twenty pounds.
Sherif : Here is the money.
Ali : Thank you very much. I promise …………..( 4 )…………
Sherif : Don’t think about that.
13.
Finish the following dialogue:
between a customer who is ordering
food on telephone and a waiter in a home delivery restaurant.
Waiter: Yes sir, how can I help you ?
Customer: ……………..…..( 1 )……………..…………………….
Waiter: Certainly. What would you like?
Customer: …………....….( 2 )…………………………………….
Waiter :…………………....( 3 )……………………………………?
Customer: Yes, two cans of soft drink, please.
Waiter: What is your name and address?
Customer: My name is Mohamed Atteya.9 Thawra street-Dokki…(4)
…………?
Waiter: your order will be delivered in about 30
minutes, sir.
14.
Finish the following dialogue:
between Hossam Hassan who scored
the best goal in a competition and a T.V reporter (Adel)
Adel: we are very happy that you are here with us
and you must be very happy that you …… ( 1 )…………………..
Hossam: …………….. ( 2 ) ………………….
Adel: …………………….. ( 3 ) …………………?
Hossam: I ran past three players before I scored.
Adel: It was very strange not to win the final match, ( 4 )…….?
Hossam: we didn’t play well so we lost it.
15.
Finish the following dialogue:
between Aya and a travel agent
Travel agent :Good morning. Can I help you?
Aya : Yes, I’d like to book a holiday, please.
Travel agent :……………( 1 )…………………….?
Aya : I’m fed up with sightseeing. I've seen so many places.
Travel agent: No problem. What about a relaxing beach holiday?
Aya :…………………..( 2 )…………………….?
Travel agent : I suggest Mersa Matrouh.it’s wonderful.
Aya : Yes, I’d like to book the first two weeks of August.
Travel agent : what means of transport do you prefer?
Aya : By air. Travelling by bus………..( 3 )………………….
Travel agent : What about accommodationالإقامة ?
Aya :…………………….( 4 )………………………………………………….
16.
Finish the following dialogue:
between Hend who is applying for a job and the
manager of the bank
Manager : Good morning Miss Hend .Please have a seat.
Hend : ( 1 )………………………………………………………….………………………………
Manager : ( 2 )………………………………………………………….………………………………?
Hend : I worked at the W.S.S company before
Manager : ( 3 )…………………………………………………………………………………………?
Hend : Because the salary was little.
Manager : ( 4 )…………………………………………………………..……………………………..?
Hend : They paid me only 200 L.E
17.
Finish the following dialogue:
between Ismaeel and his friend Abbas at a restaurant
Ishmael : what would you like to eat?
Abbas : ( 1 )…………………………………….…………………………….
Ismaeel : ( 2 )……………………….……………………………?
Abbas : Yes, green salad.
Ismaeel : ( 3 )……………………………..……………………?
Abbas : I’d like to drink tea.
Ismaeel : ( 4 )…………………………………………………..?
Abbas : No, thanks. I don’t want any more sugar.
18.
Finish the following dialogue:
between Omar and an assistant at a shoe shop
Assistant : ( 1
)………………………………………………?
Omar :( 2
)……………..……………………………….
Assistant : what size ?
Omar :
Size 42, please.
Assistant : ( 3 )……………………………………………….?
Omar :
Black.
Assistant : What about these shoes? Do you like
them?
Omar :
Yes, they are wonderful. ( 4 )………………………..?
Assistant : They are seventy pounds.
Omar :
Here’s the money. Thank you.
19.
Finish the following dialogue:
between a reporter and a successful businessman
Reporter : Would you allow me to ask you some
questions?
Businessman :( 1)…………………….………………………….
Reporter
:( 2)…………………………………………………?
Businessman : No, not at all. I came from a poor
family.
Reporter
:( 3 )…………………………………………?
Businessman : I got the youth bank loan to start my
own business.
Reporter : Was it difficult to be successful?
Businessman : On the contrary, ( 4
)………………………………………………….…………..
20.
Finish the following dialogue:
Tom Wood is inside the
pyramid with a guide
Guide: The big pyramid was built four thousand years
ago.
Tom: (1) …………………………………………?
Guide: Cheops, the great pharaoh built it.
Tom:(2) …………………………………………………………….?
Guide: To bury the dead bodies of the king and the
queen.
Tom: I've
read about the great respect the pharaohs had for their dead.
Guide: Yes, because (3)
……………………………………after death.
Tom: They were indeed great people.
Guide: yes, (4 ) ………………………………………………
21.
Finish the following dialogue:
Two friends are making
arrangements to visit their friend Ramy who is in hospital
Ali: (1) ……………………………………………….
Ahmed: Why is he in hospital now?
Ali: (2) ………………………………………………..
Ahmed: Where did he have that accident?
Ali: (3) ……………………………………………..
Ahmed: I think we should pay him a visit.
Ali: Of course (4)
………………………..........
Ahmed: So let us see him tomorrow morning.
22.
Finish the following dialogue:
Between Sherif and Usama
Sherif
: ………….………(1)……………………….?
Usama
: My goal in life is to be an accountant.
Sherif
: …………………..(2)…………………………..?
Usama
: Because I've graduated from the faculty of
commerce.
Sherif
: Do you think it's easy to you to find a job ?
Usama
: …………………….(3)………………………….
Sherif
: Why don't you read the advertisement in the newspaper.
Usama
: …………………….(4)…………………………
23.
Finish the following dialogue:
Between Amany
and a sales: in a big store
Salesman
: Can I help you , sir?
Amany
: Yes , please ………………………(1)
………………..
Salesman
: Complaint ? what about
Amany
: About the T.V set I bought last
week
Salesman :
…………………………….(2) ……………………....?
Amany
: The screen is very dark .
Sales
man :
But I had tried the set before you took it……………….(3)…………….......?
Amany : I know you had , However , when I went home I discovered this fault
Salesman
:
……………………….(4)…………………………?
Amany : Yes , I have the guarantee
certificate. Her it is .
24.
Finish the following dialogue:
Osama
is telling his teacher about his pen-friend:
Teacher: Hello, Osama. Do
you have any pen-friends?
Osama: ……………..(1)………………………………
Teacher:
………………..(2)………………………….?
Osama: I've known him for 2 years now.
Teacher: Do you contact him
by post or e-mail?
Osama: ………………(3)………………………
Teacher:
…………………(4)………………………?
Osama: He is interested in drawing and photography.
26.
Finish the following dialogue:
Egyptian student and a Chinese tourist:
Student . Where do you come from?
Tourist: .........................(1)................................
Student: :
Welcome.......................(2)..............................?
Tourist: Yes, I do. The weather is fine
and the people are friendly,
Student: Do you have your meals in a
Chinese restaurant?
Tourist
:No, I enjoy ..............(3}.,...................
Student: Where do you have Egyptian
food?
Tourist
: .................................(4)........................
Student
: I wish you a pleasant stay.
27.
Finish the following dialogue:
Friends are talking
about Yasser and Mohamed Who went on a picnic to Siwa:
F : Do you know that Yasser and Mohamed went
on a picnic?
S :(1)…………………….To where?
F : (2)..................................Why
didn’t you ask about them?
S : I was too busy to (3)……………………………….. .
F : You should have asked about them first
before becoming too busy.?
S :I’m awfully sorry.(4)……………………………
28.
Finish the following dialogue:
Ahmed :
Good morning. Can I join the library?
Librarian : ...... (1)........Reading is for all. But first.......
(2)…..form
Ahmed :
............ (3)..................?
Librarian : Nothing ,It’s free
Ahmed :
…………..(4)....................?
Librarian : You are allowed to have two books for two weeks.
29.
Finish the following dialogue:
Randa
|
:
|
You seem happy, Leila
(1)…………………………..?
|
Leila
|
:
|
Yes, I’m, I’ve just
passed my driving test.
|
Randa
|
:
|
(2)…………………………………………………….?
|
Leila
|
:
|
Yes, my uncle has
just bought a new car. He is going to give me his old one.
|
Randa
|
:
|
That’s fantastic.
|
Leila
|
:
|
So, would you like to go
for a drive on Saturday?
|
Randa
|
:
|
Yes, I’d love to. Where
(3)……………………………..?
|
Leila
|
:
|
(4)………………………………………………………..
|
Randa
|
:
|
I’ll come for you at
about 11 o’clock.
|
30.
Finish the following dialogue:
Amira is being interviewed
for a teaching job.
Interviewer: Hello, Amira. …………..(1)…………………..?
Amira: I've been teaching English for six
years.
Interviewer: …………………………..(2)………………….?
Amira: At Heheya Language
School.
Interviewer: …………………………..(3)……………………….?
Amira: I got 300 pounds a month.
Interviewer: When would you like to start with us?
Amira: …………………….(4)…………………….

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